Gynecology World Conference 2026

Abstract

Background: Globally, more than 10% of the reproductive-age females are suffering from polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD or PCOS). The prevalence of PCOD is increasing day by day. The exact reason and treatment are still uncertain.

Objective: To investigate the role of decreased thyroid hormone and cortisol interactions in the development and severity of PCOD in reproductive-age women.

Design: A comparative study of thyroid hormone parameters in reproductive-age females with PCOD

Setting: Outpatient clinic of the Gynaecology department, SVMCHI-RI, India

Patients and Methods: For this study, reproductive-age females (13-45 years), non-obese, and who did not use any contraceptives were selected. Their serum T3 and T4, TSH, as well as serum estrogen, progesterone, and cortisol levels, were measured using standard clinical laboratory methods; however, only those with confirmed variations in serum T3 and T4, TSH, and serum cortisol levels were selected. The study included a total of 60 subjects, divided into three groups: the normal control (healthy women) group (N = 20), the low thyroid hormone T3 and T4 group (N = 20), and the hypothyroid with increased cortisol group (N = 20). All female group members were tested for PCOD confirmation

Results: We observed that a significant proportion of women with PCOD was seen in the low thyroid hormone female group (P < 0.001) and the hypothyroid with increased control group (P<0.001). Further, abnormal serum estrogen and progesterone profiles were noted in the hypothyroid group.

Conclusions: These data suggest that hypo-secretion of T3 and T4 may contribute to PCOD pathophysiology, and hypothyroidism with cortisol excess may act synergistically in worsening ovarian dysfunction